Irony In Huck Finn Essays - Humour, Rhetorical Techniques, Comedy

Irony in Huck Finn Akshay Upadhyaya Irony is defined as a situation, or use of words that involve some kind of incongruity or discrepancy. There are three types of irony: verbal, dramatic, and situational. Verbal irony is almost like sarcasm, because in a verbal irony, the opposite of what is said is meant. Dramatic irony is an incongruity or discrepancy between what a character says or thinks and what the reader knows to be true or between what a character perceives and what the author intends the reader to perceive. Situational irony is a situation in which there is an incongruity between appearance and reality, or between expectation and fulfillment, or between the actual situation and what would seem appropriate2. In Huck Finn, all three types of ironies were present. Dramatic irony was abundant through out the book, but the most dramatic one was when the Grangerfords gave Huck his own slave. Huck told about the easy time his slave had since Huck was not used to people waiting on him. This is dramatic irony because its is an incongruity between what the character perceived and what the author intended the reader to perceive. Huck thought that his slave had an easy time because he was not used to people waiting on him; Twain, however, wanted to reader to see that Huck was not willingly to take advantage of a black man. As a result, the reader could see that Huck had more respect for black people than most white people. A very perceptive verbal irony was used when Huck was describing the servant life in England to Joanna Wilks. He told her that the English treated servants worse than dogs, and treated them worse than the Americans treated their slaves. This was a verbal irony because Huck was the only one who saw how the slaves were treated worse than dogs in America yet he said that the Americans treated their slaves better than the English did their servants. An example of a situational irony was when the whole town was upset about the splitting of the slave family. The town lamented over the breakup of the family, but if the family had been sold intact, no one would have cared. The situation was ironic because the town did not care about the selling of the family, as long as it was done ethically. This kind of dichotomy is the very heart of ironies.

The Cherokee Assimilation

The Cherokee Assimilation Free Online Research Papers I am part of the great Cherokee nation; my people lived throughout the great lands east of the Mississippi. My people lived on these lands peacefully for hundreds of years, we were not a nomadic people, and we had stationary homes, raised crops, tended cattle and raised our families. I wish to tell you a story of how my people were tricked, devastated and nearly destroyed by the white man’s government and greed, and my peoples walk along ‘The Trail of Tears’, according to, African in America, (n.d.), â€Å"In 1833, a small fraction agreed to sign a removal treaty of New Echota. The leaders of this group were not the recognized leaders of the Cherokee Nation and of 15,000 Cherokee-led by Chief John Ross-signed a petition in protest. The Supreme Court ignored their demands and ratified the treaty in 1836.† (p.5, para.3). The white government did not care that my people did not wish to leave our lands. My people were given two years to leave on their own; those who did not were forced out of their homes by thousands of troops. My people were not allowed to gather anything, but forced to leave with only the clothes on their backs. At that time 16,000 of my people were forced from their lands into holding areas. These so called holding areas where my people were held before being moved again were not fit for any man. According to Golden (2001), â€Å"Holding areas contained the Cherokee until they could be moved to one of the specialty forts further north. With minimum facilities the forts were little more than rat-infested prisons for these Cherokee.† (p. 2, para.3). My people were forced to live in these in human conditions for months until the government was ready to move them again. In these holding areas my people suffered the first deaths of thousands that would die during this forced migration to the new Indian Territory which is now in Oklahoma. From the second stage of forts where my people were placed, the terrifying march began and was rightfully named, ‘The Trail of Tears’. This route according to Golden (2001), â€Å"began at the Cherokee agency near Rattlesnake Springs and headed northwest to the vicinity of Nashville, Tennessee, then to Hopkinsville, Kentucky. From here the Cherokee headed to a crossing of the Ohio just northwest of the confluence of the Tennessee River. From here the route Cherokee moved southwest, across the Mississippi, near Cape Giradeu, from here the route headed south-southwest across the Ozark Plateau to the Oklahoma Territory.† (p.2, para.6). My people walked for thousands of miles, lead like cattle with no regard to their health or comforts. Along this horrible march 4,000 of my people died, from, hunger, disease, and exposure, the first of my people to die were the old, sick, weak and children, dropping off one by one, left along the trail, my people unable to tend to them as our customs required, as they were continually pushed forward. Fewer of my people would have suffered and died if they had been allowed to move through white settlements, but because of the fears of the settlements my people were forced time and time again to go around these settlements, sometimes miles out of the way. According to Golden (2001), â€Å"For example at Cape, Giradeu, Missouri, the Cherokee had been fording the Mississippi at one point near downtown. City fathers, who were unhappy with the long lines of Indians passing through town asked that they cross two miles north, at a more difficult crossing known as Moccasin Springs.† (p.3, para. 2). Many of my people died during the crossing of an ice covered river there, this would not have happened if the settlers had allowed my people pass through town. Once my people reached the new Indian Territory in Oklahoma worn weary and beaten down, we thought our troubles were over, that we could begin our lives as a nation again, but we were wrong. The government decided that in order to be accepted by the white settlers my people needed to be taught how to be ‘civilized’, and purposed a six step plan to do this. According to Remini (2010), â€Å"they presumed that once the Indians adopted the practice of private property, built homes, farmed, educated their children, and embraced Christianity, these Native Americans would win acceptance from the white Americans.† (p.2). my people had all of this minus Christianity; we had homes, taught our children, and had a government of our own. But in order to be accepted my people had to assimilate into the white man’s ways. References Golden, R. (2001). The Trail of Tears, Our Georgia History (p. 2, 3.) http://ourgeorgiahistory.com/indians/cherokee/trail_of_tears.html Judgment Day, (n.d.) African in America (p.2) pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2959.html Remini, R. (2010, March). Five Civilized Tribes. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, (p.2), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_Civilized_Tribes Research Papers on The Cherokee Assimilation19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraQuebec and CanadaAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Twilight of the UAWWhere Wild and West MeetNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceThe Spring and AutumnThe Hockey GameBringing Democracy to AfricaAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Module 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Module 5 - Essay Example The number of visits made have a mean of 2.86 with a variance of 4.87. The standard deviation is 2.21 confirming the spread of the data. Group A has wide variations in terms of among the group observations. As Richmond, R (2006) puts it, the amount of variations in a group determine how the elements of the group are spread and how the differences amount to. The workers in group A are quite different from each other and it will not be a good idea to hire them due to this. Both groups have the same mean of 79.1 but the workers in group B have almost the same traits than in group A. When it comes to getting the services of a certain group, Group B is most likely due to its homogeneity. Group A has a standard deviation high above the expected of 24.12. In business, the mean is the best measure of central tendency. For example when you are reporting the sales you made in a day, the mean in the figure to use sine it shows what you have done in overall. On the other hand, while dealing in shares, the median is the most important as it shows the price which is the expectation of many. It shows where many people would like or got their shares in. In exports, the mode is the most important since it determines the frequency of doing business as well as the expected profit. Mode is also applicable when one is dealing with prediction of future business

Project Management Organazing a Sports Day Assignment - 1

Project Management Organazing a Sports Day - Assignment Example Effective leadership is the main factor in overall effective project management and its handling. In case of managing projects through effective leadership, we can attain high project success. In case of managing University of Greenwich sports days, we need to pay more attention towards the enhancement of the overall project capabilities and potentials. In this scenario a project manager needs to process following qualities and professional skills regarding effective management and handling of the overall project: In this part, I will present the detailed Stakeholder Analysis overall organizing a sports day at the University of Greenwich. Here in the section below, I have outlined the main team structure of the overall. In this part, I will present the detailed Stakeholder Analysis overall organizing a sports day at the University of Greenwich. Here in the section below, I have outlined the main team structure of the overall project. University of Greenwich Administration  University of Greenwich sports days will have major stakeholder that will be the university administration.  Ã‚  Project Manager -1 Person  Will be responsible for the management and handling of the overall project  Ã‚  Project Analyzer -1 Person  In the main person responsible for the overall handling of the main project needs and requirements and needs and also assess main areas of organizing a sports day at the University of Greenwich.  Grounds Manager -1 Person  Is the main person who is responsible for overall development and designing of organizing grounds a sports day at University of Greenwich sports site  Ground Site Workers -2 Person  Will be responsible for the overall establishment of the sports and games and handling overall activities.

US History 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

US History 2 - Essay Example It is important to note that the anti-federalists argued that the proposed constitution posed several challenges to the government. In this respect, they argued that the proposed constitution would encourage the issue of corruption to the government. Corruption was viewed as a major social vice that would threaten the development of several sectors in government, including the developmental sector, economic, social as well as political sectors among others2. The anti federalists also advocated for a weaker federal government as opposed to stronger state legislatures. This is because most of them argued that a stronger government would most likely infringe on the liberties that Americans had fought for and won in the Revolutionary War. In regards to this, it is important to note that the anti federalists viewed liberty as the specific rights of the people that the government had to respect, protect and encourage. They maintained that the government had to observe, respect as well as protect the Bill of Rights in order to protect that

Hybrid Electric Energy Integrated Cluster

Hybrid Electric Energy Integrated Cluster Project Acronym: HELENIC-REF Project Title: Hybrid Electric Energy Integrated Cluster concerning Renewable Fuels This project has been funded by the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. The information in this document reflects only the authors views, not the opinion of the European Union. Neither the REA nor the European Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. The deliverable describes the data that will be obtained for HELENIC-REF, the procedure for obtaining, managing, storing these data. An explanation of naming, version controlling and preserving the data will be given, along with the procedure of sharing the data per the participation of the project in Open Research Data Pilot. HELENIC-REF (Hybrid Electric Energy Integrated Cluster concerning Renewable Fuels) project refers to the establishment of a new sustainable methodology of production of energy or fuels. HELENIC-REF is participating on the Open Research Data Pilots which a pilot action in H2020 on open access to research data. The foresight for the Data Management Plan is dictated by the three main objectives of the HELENI C-REF project: The reduction method based on the Lorenz electron forces The production of hydrogen using magnetite catalyst The production of hydrocarbons based on the production of hydrogen and the Lorenz electrons The following plan describes the data that will generated in connection of these objectives in the research project. It speaks about the methods of collection, the way they will be shared and how they will be stored, backup and preserved. The data that will be produced in the project can be divided in three wide categories, computer software, research data and metadata, and manuscripts and dissemination material. 3.1 Computer Software HELENIC-REF will produce software for measurement and instrumentation and modelling. The source code will be stored and shared among the partners in ZIP archives, which in the most common format for this purpose. Source code will have standard programming language format either in .m or .vi depending for the program in which was created. 3.2 Research data and metadata This category refers to the data that will be collected from the different experiments that will be carried in the project from each partner. The data will be stored in standard format of .txt, .csv to be accessible easily from any type of software for further processing of evaluation. The main categories of the research data that will be produced in the project cover the following areas. Information on the catalyst Information on the developed experimental apparatus for the reduction process Information on the developed experimental apparatus for the hydrogen production Information on the developed reactor for the hydrocarbon production 3.2.1 Information on the catalyst. The data produced on the catalyst will refer mainly on the its structural characterization and will be produced with different methods described in Section 4. 3.2.2 Information on the developed experimental apparatus for the reduction process The reduction process will be based on Lorenz electron reactor operation. The data will be produced and collected from the measurement of this activity with the used of different measurement method such as chromatography, structural characterization etc. (More details in Section 4) 3.2.3 Information on the developed experimental apparatus for the hydrogen production This data will be produced by monitoring different parameters of the designed experimental apparatus, such as temperature, pressure, electro-magnetic conditions etc. 3.2.4 Information on the developed experimental apparatus for the hydrogen production The Hydrocarbon production will be made by either use the produced hydrogen or the Lorenz electrons. This procedure has different approaches and each will produce its own data sets 3.2.5 Information on the developed reactor for the hydrocarbon production These data will be produced by the process or the burning the accumulated hydrogen and oxygen. 3.3 Manuscripts Manuscripts refers to the all the documents produced during the project, deliverables, publications, internal documents. Microsoft WORD (.doc) will be used for the draft versions and both WORD and PDF formats will be used for the final ones. 3.4 Dissemination material HELENIC-REF will produce different types of dissemination materials, flyers, public presentations, videos, presenting the idea and the achievements of the project. For the flyer, the final format will be an image on .JPEG or bitmap .BMP. The presentations will be either in Microsoft PowerPoint format or PDF.ÂÂ   All the dissemination material will be shared in public only in PDF format or hardcopy. For the video widely used format will be used as AVI or MOV. 4.1 Creation and collection of the data In this section the methodology for the collection and the creation of each of the data category will be presented. 4.1.1 Computer Software The software produced in HELENIC-REF will be mainly to gather and process the data from the different types of sensors that the partners will use during the experimental procedure. National Instruments Suite will be used from all the partners for the data acquisition of some of the sensors and the commercial software of the devices for the gas analysis, flow meter etc. In addition, software code will be produced during the modeling procedure with the use of MATLAB. Its time a new version of code will be produced, will be released among the partners to update their versions if needed. 4.1.2 Research data and metadata Research data will be produced during the experimental procedure of the project and the further processing of these data. As previous said these data can be divided in the four main categories. The methods for the collection of the data in each category involve scientific equipment and sensors. The data produced on the catalyst will be made through measurements on: Electron microscopy X-ray diffraction FTIR Raman spectroscopy In addition, the resistivity of the catalyst will be monitored and data will be produced from its structural modelling. The methods to produce the datasets on the reduction process will be based on: On-line oxygen flow measurement using sensors and/or chromatography On-line resistivity monitoring On-line parametric control (Air flow, temperature, current, magnetic field) Periodic structural characterization Modeling of the reduction process The datasets for the Hydrogen and Hydrocarbon production, they will be obtained through measurements by both the operating conditions of the experiment: Temperature Pressure Water flow rate for steam generation Inlet inert flow rate (N2) Output gaseous flow rate Output gaseous flow rate (hydrogen and oxygen) And the electro-magnetic conditions: Current flow along the catalyst Magnetic field vertical to the current flow on the catalyst Resistivity on the catalyst 4.1.3 Manuscripts and dissemination material All the documentation of the project, deliverables, internal reports, material for dissemination will be produced by the Microsoft Office Suite 4.2 Naming, versioning and handling of the files. The structure of the archiving of the data will follow the WP and task organization. The parent folder will be named under the Work Package number and the children folders with the name of the task. The structure will be the same for the different type of data, research software, dissemination material. The structure of the folders can be seen in Figure 1. Figure 1: Structure of folder for Research Data archiving Research data from measurements will be accompanied by a log file naming who created the data or contributed, date and under what conditions they can be accessed. In addition, these datasets will be followed by detail documentation about the used methodology, the analytical and procedural information, if any assumption was made and the equipment used to obtain these (chromatograph, gas analyzer etc.). The naming of the files will be made accordingly to their content for easier identification. Especially for the data from measurement in the name of the file the generation date will be contained and a number indicating the repetition of the experiment that day filename_day_month_year_repetition for example if the date was 3 of March 2016 and it was the 10th time that the experiment for repeated then the name will be filename_03_03_2016_R10. For the rest of the files a version system will be used indicating the version of the file after the name filename_Vx. For the software where is needed for the versioning and revision tool like GIT (https://git-scm.com ) will be used. For manuscripts, the writer/owner of the document will be controlling the version of in the name of the file but also in the Document History table inside the document. Each partner that will contribute in the document will use track changes and change the name of the original by adding he/she initials to the filename. 4.3 Quality procedures The Consortium has specified quality procedures for the deliverables and internal documents and the dissemination material. Each document generated by any partner must be circulated at least 10 days before its deadline for submission. Also, the Coordinator will check the document against any issues of plagiarism or not proper referencing. The content of any publication or dissemination material must be approved by the Consortium before submission and it is checked to include the acknowledgment to the EU funding. The equipment that is used for the measurements during the experiments is certified and calibrate to assure the accuracy of the data measured. But the correct measurements are depending on the methodology of the experiments and the ability to repeat the experiment and to obtain the same results. For this reason, the data obtained from the experiments will be compared with previous measurements to identify the similarity to the results. Also, the results of the experiments will be circulated to the partners to assess the quality of the findings. In addition, the methodology used by each partner will be discussed in weekly based skype meetings with partners for possible corrections or omissions. 5.1 Data storage and back up during the project Each partner will be responsible to store securely in their server equipment the data produced using the archiving system described above. These local servers are secure and the drives are periodically backed up.ÂÂ   Through the development process, data may be shared on computers belonging to the partner staff. These computers are safeguarded through up to date virus and malware protection software. For sharing the data between the partners a designated secure area exists in the website. Access to this area can be done only with a username and password that has been granted to each partner from the administrator of the site. Maintenance of the datasets stored in partners server will be done in accordance to each of the partners policy. In addition, a back-up of the datasets will be held by the coordinator in a secure area in his server. 5.2 Data sharing and confidentiality Due to the novelty of the proposed method the consortium is willing to file for patents as soon as the outcome of the generated data will allow to do so. In addition the amount of the data that will be produced as can been seen from the description above will allow the partners to make several publications in high impact journals. The publications arise from the project will be open access in order to be exploit by not only the academic community by from the industry as this is the main goal of the consortium. Also, because as mentioned it is highly possible to file for patents, the consortium has agreed to open the data for sharing only after the patents have been submitted.ÂÂ   But, the data concerning any possible publications will be available to verify the findings and clarify the procedure that is described in each publication. The Consortium have decided that the datasets from the experimental measurements will be preserved and used by the partners in future research activities. Similarly, to let researchers and wider public to know more about HELENIC-REF data from public reports, open access journals and conferences will be preserved along with the necessary data for validating the published results and for researchers to compare their findings. All dissemination material will be preserved and shared as soon as possible to let the public about know about the project. The Consortium has decided to preserve the data for 5 years after the completion of the project. All data to preserved will be kept in the partners serves and will be used by them before and after the completion of the project. The maintenance of the data will by each partners responsibility. The preservation of the public data is described in Section 5.3. 5.3 Data sharing The Consortium, regarding its participation on the Open Research Data Pilot, is on favor to have open access publications. For this reason, to share the dataset from this publications Consortium is considering to use ZENODO ( https://zenodo.org ) as the data repository for the project outcomes. In this repository, all the research data that are needed to validate the open access publications will be kept, free of charge to any user. HELENIC-REF datasets are to be shared for research and training purposes that is why they will be shared under the Creative Commons Non-Commercial Share-alike license 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 ). This license enables anyone freely Share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format Adapt, remix, transform, and build upon the material With respect to the following terms Attribution, one must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made Non-commercial use Share alike (Share the data under the same license) All the dissemination data will be made available through the website and social media. In case a partner is required to share any of the confidential information, for example with manufacturers, suppliers or specialist companies, it is required to sign a non-disclosure agreement between them and after the Consortium Members are informed and have agreed. 5.4 Copyright and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) issues. Datasets are owned by the partner that generates them. Where several partners have jointly carried out work generating the datasets, they will have joint ownership of such these data. In addition, these partners can agree on a joint ownership agreement regarding the allocation and terms of exercising that joint ownership. The joint ownership results can be used by the partners for non-commercial research activities without requiring the prior consent of the others Joint Owners. The ownership of these dataset can be transferred per article 30 of the Grant Agreement. As mentioned above the public scientific datasets will be shared under the Creative Common license to protect the intellectual property of the owners against any commercial use of the shared dataset.

Electronic Democracy Essay -- Politics Internet Web Elections Essays

Electronic Democracy Today, people go online and instantly communicate with others all over the world. Given this technology, is it possible to revolutionize our current political process and enable online users to cultivate their own political group to affect change? Jon Katz article, The Netizen: Birth of a Digital Nation suggests that young, educated, affluent people make up the new Digital Nation who can and should build a more civil society utilizing online computer technology. On assignment for HotWireds The Netizen Katz was supposed to write about how the media was affected by the Web during the Presidential election of 1996. However, Katz found early on that the Web was not an influence in 1996 politics. Instead, he found an online culture that used chat rooms and web sites to communicate their political positions. Katz began to post his own positions online, receiving innumerable feedback on them. He found his opinions were just that---ideas that other people challenged, changed or agreed with. He gave ideas, but smarter people improved them or showed him why he was incorrect. There was much to be learned on the Internet believed Katz. He discovered the net could be the tool to bring about change in the political arena and even our culture. The net offers individuals the ability and freedom to voice their opinions; yet it is a distinct group of young people who are taking the opportunity to interact with one another creating a new political ideology (217). Katz believes these individuals are utilizing the Stomel 2 Internet to produce their own political entity. These are people who work on the Internet, created the Net, and whose business, social, and cultural lives (217) revolve around it. In essence, a new soc... ... also physically within their communities. It is doubtful this can happen when this group uses words to attempt change rather than action. Stomel 6 Works Cited DeLuca, Tom Jr. Two Faces Of Political Apathy. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 1995. Katz, Jon. The Netizen: Birth of a Digital Nation. Composing Cyberspace: Identity, Community, and Knowledge in the Electronic Age. Ed. Richard Holeton. Boston: McGraw-Hill Inc. 1998. 214-225. Phillips, Kevin. Wealthy and Democracy: A Political History of the American Rich. New York: Broadway Books. 2003. Tatchell, Peter. Direct Action For Democracy. Guardian Unlimited. January 30, 2003. http//politics.guardian.co.uk/apathy/comment/0,12822,885318,00html (3 Oct. 2003). What Influence Does Wealth Have Over Politics? Geocities.com (3 Oct. 2003).